L5-S1 is vulnerable to misalignment and injury. It can also be the site of a disc herniation or a spine disorder called ...

[6] In patients with spondylolisthesis and stenosis of the L4-L5 segment, the L5 nerve root usually ... infolding of the ligamentum flavum (Fig. 2). In addition, dynamic flexion and extension ...

which is rarely more than a grade I slip. Sagittal orientation of the facet joints and facet tropism also has been related to the development of degenerative spondylolisthesis. Pathologic ...