Background: Approximately 20,000 permanent pacemakers (PPMs) are implanted annually for bradycardia or atrioventricular (AV) block after cardiac surgery. Little is known about the long-term pacing ...

Advanced second- or third-degree AV block, with symptomatic bradycardia ... Class IIa: conflicting evidence of benefit from pacemaker therapy. Pacemaker implantation reasonable Congenital third ...

However, it has not been recognized until now that it can also increase the risk of abnormally low heart rate, known as ...

Pacemaker: In cases where bradycardia is due to a problem with the heart's electrical system, a pacemaker may be recommended. A pacemaker is a small device implanted under the skin that sends ...