Chromosome 21 is the smallest human chromosome, and procedures for examining human chromosomes were still being developed during the first part of the century. Many early cytologists had ...
Most people have two copies of each chromosome, for a total of 46. People with Down syndrome have 3 copies of the 21st chromosome, making a total of 47. Down syndrome is also called Trisomy 21.
Photograph of a karyotype - the collection of chromosomes within each cell of an organism - from a male mouse engineered by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers to model Down syndrome in a human.
According to the CDC, here is why No. 21 is significant in this case: Down syndrome is a condition in which a person has an extra copy of chromosome 21. Chromosomes are small "packages" of genes ...